一、语法填空的选材与命题取向
这几年语法填空题的数量较以往有所减少，同时难度也有所降低。纵观近几年的高考试题，英语试题卷在不断地变化，不断地改革，题型上有所创新并日趋完善，起主要表现在利用情景语言交流中考查考生的英语语言应用能力。
语法填空题的选材一般是从国外的报刊杂志、辞书或对话中选取，在进行改造而形成。首先这些句子必须是来源于生活，具有实际交际功能意义的。由于《高中英语课程标准》明确了语法的三个纬度：形式、意义和用法，而高考的语法填空题正是基于这一理念进行选材。语法填空题选材必须注意：所选句子的语言形式要正确，原汁原味，所选句子的意思要清晰明了，句子的语法结构功能能完美地服务于句子的语义。简而言之，高考语法填空题的命题必然要紧扣这一要求。
高考语法填空的命题取向：纯语法规则测试题会越来越少，而强化考生英语的实际运用能力、理解能力和逻辑推理能力的试题将会逐渐增加。不过，语法填空题的总体难度有所降低。
根据《高中英语课程标准》确定的语法三个纬度，语法填空题命题取向，首先突出在以下四个方面的能力：语法加语境，语法与上下文，语法加比较辨析和情景会话用语；其次要讲究测试面广，涉及到的语法测试点要多，这也是愈发测试的一个非常重要的特色。如语法测试体的测试点包括动词时态、语态、情态动词、非谓语动词、名词、形容词、副词、连词、冠词、代词、介词、复合句、强调句、感叹句、倒装句、反意疑问句、省略句和it的用法等，在这些测试项目中，动词及非谓语动词形式又是重点中的测试重点，从这几年语法测试题看，动词的比例占有率相当大。
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2)动词涵盖时态、语态、非谓语形式和情态动词；
3)从句涵盖名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。
二、语法填空的命题思路分析与对策
高考语法填空题的命题思路是：讲究句子的语境设置，从四个方面考查考生的英语实际运用能力，甄别、筛选和理解能力以及逻辑推理能力。这四个方面的能力是：
语法与语境的辨析能力，
语法对比辨析的能力，
上下文之间的推论能力，
情景会话的语境辨析。
语法填空题还增加了词义辨析题的含量，这主要呈现在动词、短语动词、形容词和副词的考查，除此之外，这种题型也出现了对文化知识的考查。如：
You may not have played very well today, but at least you’ve got through to the next round and ____________.[07-江苏]
A. tomorrow never comes
B. tomorrow is another day
C. never put of till tomorrow
D. there is no tomorrow
由上看出，单项填空题将逐步从考查学生的语言知识运用能力的考查想文化知识的考查过渡，这一现象应引起我们的重视。
对策：复习备考时，应多多研究高考真题，依据高考的命题思路，进行有效地复习，注重选择含语境的题，注重分析句子结构，时态的交互和变化，从句的特征效应，非谓语动词的一些特殊功能以及一些固定搭配等。让考生全面地、理性地掌握语法填空题的精髓。
三、应试技巧：
应试技巧一、二在上篇博文中已经简要介绍过了，这里就不再重复了。
应试技巧三：明确省略成分, 补全句子看清真面目
试题命制时，为使语言生动，自然、简洁，所以常常采用这种省略形式。解答这类题，首先要求考生弄懂句意，再根据所学语法知识将句子还原或补全，有助于考生快速地掌握句子的意思。不过这类现象多为同源主语的省略。
23) ________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
A. Compare B. When comparing
C. Comparing D. When compared
【答案为D项。本题考查when之后非谓语动词用法。对when用法的判断是解题关键。when(或其它词，如：while， since，once等)引导状语从句时，若从句主语和主句主语相同，且从句谓语部分含有be时，可把从句主语和be同时省略。本题干中在when后省略了it is。即when it is compared with the size of the whole earth...】
24) The research is so designed that once ______ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
【答案为D项。本题once之后省略了it is, 显然, 此处应用被动语态。】
25) We all know that, __________, the situation will grow worse.
A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with
C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with
【答案为B项。if后接的省略句，其实它的完整结构是if it is not carefully dealt with。显然，选项的内容省略了it is, 而剩余部分就是正确答案。】
应试技巧四：巧用结构分析句子，理顺还原本来面目
有些语法填空题的句子结构较为复杂，迷惑性大，考生若稍有疏忽，必定会受到干扰项的干扰，这时就需要耐心和细心地分析句子，弄清结构，再对照选项进行甄别选出正确选项。
26) You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ________ home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
【答案为D项。Imagine后面的宾语从句是what引导的感叹句，其正常语序为：We had difficulty ________ home in the snowstorm. 其实这句就是考查have difficulty/trouble (in) doing something句型结构。】
应试技巧五：语境背景要弄清，细心分析究根源
有些语法填空题常常在语境中考查考生对语言结构和语言知识的考查，这类题型是近年来常考题。这就要求考生要针对语境做细致的分析，以语境为切入点对测试题进行思考，分析，甄别和抉择。
27) —Bill, if it doesn’t rain, we can go straight on and spend more time in Vienna.
— ___________ I just want to hear Mozart.
A. Well done! B. No problem. C. That’s great! D. That’s it.
【答案为C。That’s great!意思是“太好了！太棒了！”。根据对话材料，我们I just want to her Mozart,
可以断定出说话者本人自己想去听莫扎特的音乐会，当听到对方说可能要去维也纳时，心中不禁大喜。Well done!的意思是“干得好！”problem意思是“没问题。”That’s it. 表示为“做得对！就是这样！”】
28) -Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
-Sorry, I am not sure. But it _____ be.
A. might B. will C. must D. can
【答案为A。根据答语中的I am not sure, 就是一个重要的信息，表明说话者把握不大。根据语法规则，但没什么把握是或不确定时，一般用情态动词may或might。】
四、练习题
下面给出10个小例题，同学们可以选作练习之用：
1. I won’t think _____ of him because of his shortcomings. He is a good boy after all.
A. much B. little C. any less D. any more
2. ----Which share is meant for me?
----You can take ______ half. They are exactly the same.
A. this B. any C. each D. either
3. This book is written in _____ easy English _____ beginners can understand.
A. such ; that B. so; that C. such; as D. too; that
4. What a pity! I missed meeting him at the airport because my car was _____ in the traffic jam.
A. broken up B. kept back C. held up D. kept up
5. The girl seldom, if ______, turned to her brother for protection.
A. never B. ever C. always D. then
6. ----What a hot day! Have you had a drink?
----Yes, but I’d like to have _______ after class.
A. it B. another C. that D. one
7. If you keep practicing your son in football, he ______ to be a famous player.
A. wants B. hopes D. wishes D. promises
8. This crop does not do well in soils _______ the one for which it has been specially developed.
A. outside B. other than C. beyond D. rather than
9. --- Excuse me, may I ask you some questions?
--- Sorry, I’m too busy and haven’t got even a minute to __________.
A. spend B. spare C. share D. stop
10. If you want to see a doctor, you fix a date with him ahead of time. That is a common ____ in the USA.
A. sense B. rule C. practice D. reality
